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Types of Anxiety Disorders

Everyone feels anxiety and fear at times, but when the feelings are intense or ongoing and interfere with your daily routine, they could be a sign of an anxiety disorder. Treatments include medication and talk therapy or psychotherapy.

First, you should consult your physician to rule any physical issues out that might be causing symptoms. Then, a psychiatrist or other mental health specialist can diagnose the type of anxiety disorder you have.

Generalized anxiety disorder

Everyone feels anxious now and then, and there can be good reasons to worry about issues like work responsibilities, health or financial. But when the worries become constant and overtake your life, you could be suffering from a more serious disorder, known as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). People suffering from GAD experience anxiety-like feelings that can have a profound effect on their lives and are often hard to manage. They are prone to anticipate the worst or assume that minor problems will turn into major disasters. GAD can be a problem for anyone. It usually starts in the adolescent years or early childhood but can occur at any point. It is twice as common for women and those who are assigned female at birth as in males.

GAD can cause physical symptoms, such as headaches and stomachaches, and make it difficult to sleep. It can cause people to feel depressed and self-esteem erode. It can affect the activities of work and social life. People suffering from severe, chronic GAD are at a greater risk of developing depression. However, treatment can help manage the two disorders.

While the root of anxiety disorders is unknown however, they are linked to genetics and changes in brain structure, which affect the way your body responds to stress. Some experts believe that a lack of neurotransmitters in the brain plays a role in the cause.

GAD is not curable, but it can be controlled by psychotherapy (talk-therapy) and medication. Talk therapy or psychotherapy includes a range of therapies that help you recognize and change unhealthy thoughts, emotions and behaviors. Cognitive behavior therapy is a kind of talk therapy which can help you control your distorted thoughts and reduce your anxiety by engaging them. The use of medicines can ease some of the physical symptoms, including heart palpitations and dizziness. They include antidepressants, benzodiazepines and some medicines used to treat seizures, such as hydroxyzine.

GAD isn't easy to identify however it is crucial to seek assistance if you begin to notice worrying and other signs of the disorder. Early treatment is more effective, since it lets you control the anxiety and physical symptoms before they take over your life.

Panic disorder

This kind of anxiety disorder separation disorder is defined by frequent episodes of sudden feelings of intense terror and fear that can reach their peak in a matter of minutes (panic attacks). The sufferers may also feel chest pain, shortness of breath or a feeling that their heart beats or is flaring ("heart palpitations"). They are often concerned that their symptoms may be signs of an attack on their heart. People who have panic disorder are at risk for developing other anxiety disorders and could be at increased risk of depression or other health issues, such as asthma or hyperthyroidism.

The cause of anxiety disorders isn't well understood however, experts believe that they develop from a combination of factors. Certain studies suggest that they could be due to brain circuits that control fear and emotion. Other studies suggest that genetics and life experiences, like trauma or abuse in childhood are typical causes of anxiety disorders. Many people who have an anxiety disorder have a parent who suffers from the disorder.

People with anxiety disorders can be anxious constantly even when they realize that their fears are not rational. This can lead to difficulty when it comes to social situations, work or school. In addition, some people with anxiety disorders have difficulty sleeping or eating properly. They might also experience tension in their muscles, irritability and trouble concentrating.

A person suffering from generalized anxiety disorder is likely to be plagued by many worries about routine tasks, like job responsibilities or family problems. They might also feel anxious and fatigued, or have difficulty concentration. They might also be concerned about their safety or that of others.

The good news is that there are effective treatments for anxiety disorders. The treatments include medication psychotherapy, psychotherapy and other complementary health practices. A mental health professional can assist you to determine what disorder is causing your symptoms and suggest the best treatment. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy can help you discover how to cope with your worries and reduce the amount of panic attacks you experience. Different types of psychotherapy are available, including cognitive behavior therapy and exposure response prevention. These therapies can be done either in a group or on an individual basis.

Social anxiety disorder

Social anxiety disorder is a severe disorder that can affect everyday life. It causes intense anxiety, fear and avoidance of social situations. It can manifest in the early years of adulthood, but it usually starts in childhood. It can manifest as anxiety in particular social situations such as speaking in class or going out on dates. It can also be more widespread and involve avoiding all situations that could result in being judged.

The person with SAD may realize that their anxiety is unfounded however, they feel powerless. They try to manage their symptoms by avoiding situations that cause anxiety, but this makes them even more anxious. They might also develop "safety behaviors" to to reduce their anxiety, such as drinking alcohol, avoiding conversation and not making eye contact.

Certain people suffering from SAD might benefit from taking medication in addition to psychological treatment. Antidepressants can help balance some neurotransmitters within the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).

If you or someone you know has social illness anxiety disorder disorder, it's important to get treatment. The condition can be fatal if not treated and may cause other mental health problems, such as addiction and depression. If you or someone else you know is suffering from suicidal thoughts contact 911, your local crisis line or text TALK (741741) to talk to a crisis counselor.

Anxiety disorders are extremely treatable, but only about 1 in 4 people who need care receive it. Treatment is impeded by a lack of awareness about anxiety disorders, the lack of investment in mental health services, and stigma. It's also crucial to ensure that your healthcare provider is aware of the different kinds of anxiety disorders so that you can be appropriately diagnosed and treated. If you're not sure whether you suffer from an anxiety disorder consult your physician to refer you to a mental health professional or use an online screening tool.

Specific phobias

A person with specific fear has a constant and a heightened fear of one or more objects, situations, animals or even other people. The fear may be insignificant to the risk posed by the object or situation, however they can cause significant anxiety and can hinder functioning in daily life. Contrary to other forms of anxiety disorders, specific phobias involve fear of one stimulus, rather than multiple stimuli. The feared situation or object could be anything from heights to dogs, flying to injections and areas that are crowded. This is a common occurrence and is more common in males than women, and tends to start in adolescence or childhood. Certain phobias aren't unfounded fears, but the fear remains real.

Children with phobias that are specific to them usually outgrow them. However when the fear persists in adulthood it can be difficult to treat. Doctors diagnose the disorder based on reported symptoms and their impact on daily function. They are able to rule out other conditions that could have similar symptoms like agoraphobia and social anxiety disorder prior to diagnosing the fear. In previous DSM editions, adults were required to recognize their irrational fear as a part of the diagnosis. However, the 2013 edition states that this is no longer required for adults.

Treatment options for specific phobias include cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure-based therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy concentrates on changing the way people react to their fears and helps them develop healthier coping strategies. Exposure-based treatment involves gradual and systematic exposure to the feared object or circumstance. The patient might begin by imagining the object, or situation. They can then proceed to look at pictures of it, stepping into an elevator, holding a toy, visiting an animal park and viewing real snakes, before riding a crowded lift. Although this type of therapy is not able to solve phobias, it can significantly reduce the severity of the symptoms.

Psychotherapy and medication like antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications are also options for treating certain phobias. These treatments are generally reported to be effective by those with phobias specific to them.