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An alternative variant, PL 132, has a carrier frequency centred on 132.5 kHz (CENELEC C-band). It uses the central frequency 110 kHz (CENELEC B-band) and has a data rate of 1200 bit/s. This buffer allows the chip to cache data coming in from the system bus while it is processing data going out to the serial port. A fiber optic node has a broadband optical receiver, which converts the downstream optically modulated signal coming from the headend or hub to an electrical signal going to the customers. The fiber optic node also contains a reverse- or return-path transmitter that sends communication from customers back to the headend. In countries that have traditionally used NTSC System M, the sections are 52-1000 MHz for forward-path signals, and 5-42 MHz for return-path signals. The return-path or upstream signals carry information from the home to the headend/hub office, such as control signals to order a movie or internet upstream traffic.

If there are not many fiber-optic cables to the node, what is control cable wavelength division multiplexing can be used to combine multiple optical signals onto the same fiber. These RF taps pass the RF signal and block the AC power unless there are telephony devices that need the back-up power reliability provided by the coax power system. Electrical conduits terminate at the sides and cables pass through or are joined inside the box. The termination resistors are needed to suppress reflections as well as return the bus to its recessive or idle state. A master headend will usually have satellite dishes for reception of distant video signals as well as IP aggregation routers. Junction boxes protect the electrical connections from the weather, as well as protecting people from accidental electric shocks. Letting people be independent and making their own technical judgements is right. By using frequency-division multiplexing, a HFC network may carry a variety of services, including analog TV, digital TV (SDTV or HDTV), video on demand, telephony, and internet traffic. A digital fly-by-wire flight control system can be extended from its analog counterpart. With its launch in 1993 the Boeing C-17 Globemaster III became the first fly-by-wire military transport aircraft. The very first HFC networks, and very old unupgraded HFC networks, are only one-way systems.

In 1965, it introduced the use of integrated circuits in amplifiers used on utility poles and in 1969 was the first to use heat fins on amplifiers. The power circuits power electrical or self-contained electrohydraulic actuators that are controlled by the digital flight control computers. From the trunk cables, smaller distribution cables are connected to a port of one of the trunk amplifiers called a bridger to carry the RF signal and the AC power down individual streets. This electrical signal is then outputted through coaxial cable to form a coaxial trunk. Trunk cables also carry AC power which is added to the cable line at usually either 60 or 90 V by a power supply (with a lead acid backup battery inside) and a power inserter. Usually trunk amplifiers have two output ports: one for the trunk, and another as a bridger. To prevent interference of signals, the frequency band is divided into two sections. At the local community, an optical node translates the signal from a light beam to radio frequency (RF), and sends it over coaxial cable lines for distribution to subscriber residences. PL 110 power-line transmission is delivered using spread frequency shift keying signalling with asynchronous transmission of data packets and half duplex bi-directional communication.

HFC makes two-way communication over a cable network practical because it reduces the number of amplifiers in these networks. The fiberoptic trunk lines provide enough bandwidth to allow additional bandwidth-intensive services such as cable internet access through DOCSIS. In a hybrid fiber-coaxial cable system, television channels are sent from the cable system's distribution facility, the headend, to local communities through optical fiber subscriber lines. The DMX512 signal lines require a single 120 Ω termination resistor to be fitted at the extreme end of the signal cable. Cable operators have been gradually shifting to FTTP networks using PON (Passive Optical Networks). In an HFC network telephony is provided using PacketCable. RPDs come in shelf variants which can be installed in apartment buildings (MDUs, multi dwelling units) and can also be installed in optical nodes or at a small hub which distributes signals similarly to a conventional HFC network. The forward-path or downstream signals carry information from the headend/hub office to the home, such as video content, voice and Internet traffic. CCAP which provides both internet and video.